Islamic Research

The Role of Zakat, Infaq, Sadaqah (ZIS), HDI, and Government Expenditure on Poverty Alleviation: Economic Growth as an Intervening Variable

2024-02-22T22:45:19+07:00

Zakat, Infaq, and Sadaqah are forms of instruments in Islam that are one of the tools in reducing poverty. Islam instructs its people not to feel that their property is theirs entirely, but in that property, there are rights for other people. This study aims to find out how the influence of ZIS (Zakat, Infaq, and Sadaqah), Human Development Index (IPM), and Government Expenditures on Poverty with Economic Growth as Intervening Variables in West Sumatra for the 2015-2020 period. This research is quantitative research using panel data. The data collection method is carried out by accessing reports that have been carried out by the Central Statistics Agency, and the West Sumatra Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS). The data that has been obtained is then processed using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Square. The research results show that ZIS and HDI have a negative relationship and a significant influence on poverty in West Sumatra. The important role of ZIS is proven in alleviating poverty if it is managed properly. Meanwhile, government spending has a positive and insignificant effect on poverty in West Sumatra. Government spending is meaningless if it is not accompanied by good planning and management.

Mudharabah and Musyarakah Financing in Indonesian Islamic Banking Practices: Is It Equity or Debt Financing?

2024-03-24T14:47:40+07:00

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Mudharabah and Musyarakah financing from Islamic banks in Indonesia is capital or debt financing, based on legal, accounting, and fiqh perspectives. To achieve this goal, a review is carried out on laws, Sharia Accounting Standards, MUI and DSN Fatwas, the Al Quran and Hadith, articles, the Financial Reports of Islamic Banks in Indonesia, and other relevant documents. This study concludes that the law as stipulated in Act No. 21 of 2008 limits Islamic banking operational activities only to the financial sector, and it is almost impossible to implement in a real economy. The current provision does not allow Islamic banking to act as an investor in a mudharabah contract or as an asset owner in a musyarakah contract. This is confirmed in the financial reports of Islamic banks, which do not report mudharabah financing and musyarakah financing as investments. In addition, in practice, Contract musyarakah cannot stand on its own but must be carried out in a multi-contract (hybrid) manner. Even though the Prophet had forbidden the practice of two contracts in one transaction. On the other hand, in distributing financing, banks do not have a sharia contract basis to act as shaibul mal. The bank's status as Al-Wakil or Mudharib does not justify it changing its status to Shahibul Mal when disbursing funds. As a result, the Contract of mudharabah and musyarakah financing carried out by banks with customers as mudharib becomes void.

Intention of Social Entrepreneurship in Muslim Communities in Cirebon

2024-04-09T16:12:00+07:00

The purpose of this study is to examine students' entrepreneurial intentions within the Muslim community and analyze gender differences. The overarching theory utilized is the Theory of Planned Behavior. The study involves 270 Islamic boarding school students in Cirebon. The questionnaire comprised four sections aimed at gathering information about behavioral attitudes, subjective norms, perceived control over behavior, and entrepreneurial intentions. Responses were recorded on a five-point numeric scale. The findings revealed that attitudes toward behavior and subjective norms were the primary predictors of entrepreneurial intentions, whereas perceived behavioral control was not significant. Additionally, the study found no notable difference in social entrepreneurship intentions between male and female students. The limitations of this study are attributed to the sample size and specific focus on Islamic boarding school students in Cirebon. Further research is recommended to predict social entrepreneurial intentions among a larger cohort of Islamic boarding school students by incorporating practical business activities. This study underscores the importance of integrating entrepreneurship education into the curriculum of Islamic boarding schools in Indonesia.

Strategic Industry in Islamic Political Economy Perspective

2024-04-09T17:34:15+07:00

The development of strategic industries in Muslim countries in general, and specifically Indonesia, has found stagnant conditions, not developed and not even made a top priority in the concept of state development they are designing. This is in contrast to capitalist countries which are competing to become a new face as a country with the forefront strategic industry. The purpose of this article is to provide a conceptual description of thinking of Muslim countries in viewing sovereignty. Sovereignty in these days means independence from various dependencies, especially political-economic dependence. This study used a qualitative library research method. the results of the study found gaps in the concept of development in Muslim countries in the concept of development towards sovereignty through strategic industries. The novelty of this concept is to see the potential of ASEAN countries, especially Indonesia, to be able to take a big role in an important strategic industrial position for Muslim countries.

The Effect of the Level of Disclosure of Islamic Corporate Governance on Financial Performance at Indonesian Sharia Banks

2024-04-11T07:57:10+07:00

The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of Islamic Corporate Governance Disclosure on financial performance in Indonesia. This disclosure encompasses various dimensions, including the board of directors, Sharia supervisory board, board committee, internal control, internal audit, and risk audit. The disclosure of Islamic Corporate Governance is crucial as it offers insights into how the financial performance of Islamic banks is managed, identifies the responsible managers, and outlines the steps taken in the management process. This research adopts an explanatory approach. The data utilized consists of secondary data spanning 2012 to 2020, gathered from 12 periodically selected Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. The analysis method employed is content analysis, which derives disclosure values based on survey results. The results of this research contribute to the space and realm of knowledge development, particularly in relation to the advancement of theories or concepts regarding Islamic values in the implementation of Sharia banking activities.

Can Poverty Be Eradicated? An Islamic Perspective

2024-04-11T11:57:22+07:00

The research aims to describe poverty and strategic solutions in an Islamic perspective in Indonesia. The data sources from several literatures including the Qur'an, al-Hadith, books, and journals. The research uses a qualitative method and triangulation analysis technique as a strategy in data validity from data sources and themes coherently. The results of this study recommend that Islamic sharia is one of solution for poverty, both natural, cultural and structural poverty. The mechanism of Islamic sharia in overcoming poverty is to ensure the fulfillment of primary needs, ownership regulation, employment availability and provision of access to education. The mechanism will function properly on the condition that the state must be fully responsible with the support of the sharia system such as the judiciary, honest apparatus and governance of the state treasury (baitul mal) based on Islam. This research is expected to add insight into Islamic economics and futher research.

The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on Social Entrepreneurship Intentions, Moderation of Entrepreneurial Inclination, Mediation of Entrepreneurial Attitudes in Islamic Boarding School Students in Cirebon City

2024-04-11T20:21:34+07:00

The purpose of this paper is to examine students' entrepreneurial intentions in students at Cirebon Islamic boarding schools and to analyze family background groups. The Grand Theory used is Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior. There are 250 Islamic boarding school students throughout Cirebon. Data was collected by means of a questionnaire containing statements on a five-point numerical type scale. Data analysis using Regression. The results identified that entrepreneurship education is the main predictor of social entrepreneurial intention. Entrepreneurial attitudes are proven to mediate the effect of entrepreneurship education on social entrepreneurship intentions. This study found no differences in family background. The limitation of this research lies in the number of samples and students of Islamic boarding schools in the city of Cirebon which have not been widespread. Further research is suggested to predict social entrepreneurship intentions in students with other variables besides entrepreneurship education, entrepreneurial attitudes and entrepreneurial tendencies.

The Social Entrepreneurship Intention on Islamic Boarding School in Garut Regency

2024-04-11T18:31:01+07:00

The purpose of this paper is to examine the social entrepreneurship intentions of Islamic boarding school students in Garut Regency, as well as to analyze the moderation of the TPB component's creativity. The Grand Theory used is Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior. There are 260 students in Islamic boarding schools in the city of Garut. Collect data by questionnaire, five-point numerical type scale. Meanwhile, data analysis using Regression Analysis results identified that the TPB component consisting of Attitudes towards behavior, Subjective Norms and Perceived Behavioral Control had a positive and significant effect on social entrepreneurship intentions, while creativity did not moderate the effect of entrepreneurial attitudes on social entrepreneurship intentions. The limitation of this research lies in the number of samples and students in Garut Regency. It is suggested to predict social entrepreneurship intentions in Islamic boarding school students in Garut district and examine variables other than TPB and creativity components.

The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on Social Entrepreneurship Intentions, Mediating the Need for Achievement, On Mosque Youth in the City of Bandung

2024-04-11T20:31:09+07:00

The purpose of this paper is to examine students' entrepreneurial intentions in the Muslim community in the city of Bandung from the aspect of Islamic values mediated by entrepreneurial attitudes. The Grand Theory used was Ajzen's Theory of Planned Behavior. A total of 220 students from the Muslim community in Bandung City collected data using a questionnaire, a five-point numerical scale. Meanwhile, data analysis using Regression Analysis results identified that Islamic values had a positive and significant effect on social entrepreneurship intentions, while entrepreneurial attitudes mediated the influence of these two variables. The limitations of this study lie in the number of samples and students from the Muslim community in the city of Bandung only. It is suggested to predict the social entrepreneurship intention of Islamic boarding school students in the larger community in the city of Bandung and examine variables other than Islamic values and other SDG components. This study strongly suggests the need to include aspects of creativity in learning in Islamic boarding schools.

The Commercialization of Islamophobia: Capitalizing on Apprehension

2024-04-11T20:28:24+07:00

Islamophobia, the irrational fear, prejudice, or hatred towards Islam and Muslims, has become a pervasive issue in contemporary society. While historical roots of Islamophobia exist, its commercialization has emerged as a distinct phenomenon in recent years. This article explores the commercialization of Islamophobia and its implications, shedding light on how various actors capitalize on apprehension to further their interests. The study employs a literature review approach to analyze and understand the phenomenon, revealing how media, politics, and business exploit and profit from fear, stereotypes, and negative perceptions surrounding Islam and Muslims. The consequences of the commercialization of Islamophobia are profound, perpetuating discrimination, marginalization, and violence against Muslim communities. To counter Islamophobia effectively, collective efforts must be made to dismantle fear-inducing narratives, promote empathy, and foster a comprehensive understanding of Islam and Muslims.