Management of Marine and Fisheries Resources: Cipta Kerja act and Islamic Perspective
Keywords:
Management, Islamic Perspective, Marine and Fisheries Resources, Cipta Kerja Act
Abstract
The Tenaga Kerja act has been passed. One of the sectors associated with the Tenaga Kerja act is marine and fisheries sector. Therefore, it is important to understand the potential impact of the act on the maritime and fisheries sector. The purpose of this paper was to analyze the potential effect of the Tenaga Kerja act on the marine and fisheries sector. In addition, this paper also offers a new paradigm in optimal and environmentally friendly marine and fisheries resource management based on Islam. We used descriptive analysis method by comparing the Tenaga Kerja act with acts relating to the maritime and fisheries sector. In addition, to understand how Islam manages existing natural resources, the Koran and the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad Shallallahu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam were used. The results showed that the Tenaga Kerja act opens opportunities for foreigners to exploit marine and fishery resources in Indonesia waters. As a consequence, the interests of the national fishing industry are threatened. In addition, the act created a very strong centralization of authority to the Central Government and weakened the roles of the Technical Ministers and local governments. On the other hand, Islam provides solutions in optimal management of marine and fisheries resources while maintaining their sustainability. Therefore, it is very important to consider Islam in environmental management such as in the marine and fisheries sector.
References
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Suman, A., Irianto, H. E., Satria, F., & Amri, K. (2017). Potensi dan tingkat pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia (WPP NRI) Tahun 2015 serta opsi pengelolaannya. Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia, 8(2), 97. http://doi.org/10.15578/jkpi.8.2.2016.97-100
Sulistiyono, S. T., & Rochwulaningsih, Y. (2013). Contest for hegemony: the dynamics of inland and maritime cultures relations in the history of Java Island, Indonesia. Journal of Marine and Island Cultures, 2(2), 115–127, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imic.2013.10.002.
Sutardi, D. (2015). Tak Ada Tempat Bagi Perampokan Ikan. Retrieved from http://kkp.go.id/wpcontent/uploads/2016/07/mina-bahari-edisi-1.pdf
Syafitri, A. S. (2018). Melawan Illegal Fishing, Penenggelaman 488 Kapal, Dan Dampak Positifnya, Kompas. Retrieved from https://ekonomi.kompas.com/read/2018/10/16/032545926/melawan-illegal-fishing-penenggelaman-488-kapal-dan-dampakpositifnya, Accessed date: 15 April 2019
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Williams, M. J. (2013). Will new multilateral arrangements help Southeast Asian states solve illegal fishing? Contemporary Southeast Asia, 35 (2), 258. https://doi.org/10.1355/cs35-2f
Alongi, D. M., Murdiyarso, D., Fourqurean, J. W., Kauffman, J. B., Hutahaean, A., Crooks, S., ... & Wagey, T. (2016). Indonesia’s blue carbon: a globally significant and vulnerable sink for seagrass and mangrove carbon. Wetlands Ecology and Management, 24(1), 3-13.
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2017). Statistik sumber daya laut dan pesisir 2017. Jakarta: Subdirektorat Statistik Lingkungan Hidup.
Bueger, C. (2015). What is maritime security ? Marine Policy, 53, 159–164. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2014.12.005
Burke, L., Selig, E., & Spalding, M. (2002). Reefs at Risk in Southeast Asia. World Resources Institute. USA.
Duggan, D. E., & Kochen, M. (2016). Small in scale but big in potential: opportunities and challenges for fisheries certification of Indonesian small-scale tuna fisheries. Marine Policy, 67, 30–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2016.01.008
Drake, C. (1989). National Integration in Indonesia: Patterns and Policies. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu.
FAO. (2014). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2014. Rome. 223 pp.
FAO. (2016). The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture – Contributing to Food Security and Nutrition. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of The United Nations).
Heazle, M. & Butcher, J. G. (2007). Fisheries depletion and the state in Indonesia: towards a regional regulatory regime. Marine Policy, 31 (3), 276–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2006.08.006.
Hilal, I. (2004). Studies in Usul ul Fiqh. 3rd Edition. California, USA: Islamic Cultural Workshop.
Indonesia Ocean Justice Initiative. (2020). Analisis UU Cipta Kerja Sektor Kelautan dan Perikanan. Retrieved from oceanjusticeinitiative.org
Ismail, M. (2011). Fikrul Islam, Bunga Rampai Pemikiran Islam. Bogor, Indonesia: Al-Azhar.
Jambeck, J. R., Geyer, R., Wilcox, C., Siegler, T. R., Perryman, M., Andrady, A., ... & Law, K. L. (2015). Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. Science, 347(6223), 768-771
Kasim, J., Sadikin, A., Pulungan, D., Rakhmatika, D., Agustiar, & Agustine, C. N. (2020). Kewenangan pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah ditinjau dari pasal 176 angka 9 uu no.11 tahun 2020 tentang cipta kerja. Program Studi Ilmu Hukum (S2) Program Pascasarjana Universitas Pamulang.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2011). Marine and fisheries statistics 2011. Jakarta.
Kementerian PPN / Bappenas. (2014). Kajian Strategi Pengelolaan Perikanan Berkelanjutan. Jakarta: Direktorat Kelautan dan Perikanan. Retrieved from https://www.bappenas.go.id/files/7614/4401/4206/Strategi_Pengelolaan_Perikanan_Berkelanjutan.pdf.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2015). Laporan Kinerja Kementerian Kelautan Dan Perikanan 2014, Jakarta.
Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. (2019). Capaian Kerja Kementerian dan Kelautan. Jakarta.
Kyrylych, K. (2013). Problem of uneven economic development of the world economy: essence and causes. Intellectual Economics, 7(3), 344–354, https://doi.org/10.13165/IE-13-7-3-06
Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia nomor 56/Permen-Kp/2014. (2014). Retrieved from http://jdih.kkp.go.id/peraturan/56-permen-kp-2014-ttg-moratorium-perizinan-usaha-perikanan-tangkap-di-wppnri.pdf.
Mukhtar. (2011). Illegal Fishing di Indonesia. Retrieved from http://mukhtar-api.blogspot.com/2011/05/illegal-fishing-di-indonesia.html
National geographic Indonesia. (2019). 9 Ancaman Terbesar yang Dihadapi Laut dan Isinya Akibat Ulah Manusia. Retrieved from https://nationalgeographic.grid.id/read/131656602/9-ancaman-terbesar-yang-dihadapi-laut-dan-isinya-akibat-ulah-manusia?page=all.
Ocean health index. (2020). Global Ocean Health Index scores. Retrieved from http://ohi-science.org/ohi-global/scores#indonesia.
Peraturan Menteri Kelautan Dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia Nomor30/permen-kp/2016. (2016). Retrieved from http://jdih.kkp.go.id/peraturan/30%20PERMEN-KP%202016.pdf.
Peraturan Menteri Kelautan dan Perikanan Republik Indonesia Nomor 50/KEPMEN-KP/2017. (2017). Retrieved from http://jdih.kkp.go.id/peraturan/50%20KEPMEN-KP%202017.pdf
Pudjiastuti, S. (2018). 633 Kapal Pencuri Ikan Sudah Ditangkap - Bisnis Tempo.co, Tempo. Retrieved from https://bisnis.tempo.co/read/1148755/susi-pudjiastuti-633-kapal-pencuriikan-sudah-ditangkap, Accessed date: 15 April 2019
Pregiwati, L. A. (2019). Siaran pers Nomor : SP204/SJ.04/VIII/2019. Retrieved from https://kkp.go.id/artikel/12993-laut-masa-depan-bangsa-mari-jaga-bersama.
Rochwulaningsih, Y., Sulistiyono, S. T., Masruroh, N. N., & Maulany, N. N. (2019). Marine policy basis of Indonesia as a maritime state: The importance of integrated economy. Marine Policy, 108, 103602 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103602.
Richards, D. R., & Friess, D. A. (2016). Rates and drivers of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia, 2000–2012. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 113(2), 344-349
Suman, A., Irianto, H. E., Satria, F., & Amri, K. (2017). Potensi dan tingkat pemanfaatan sumber daya ikan di Wilayah Pengelolaan Perikanan Negara Republik Indonesia (WPP NRI) Tahun 2015 serta opsi pengelolaannya. Jurnal Kebijakan Perikanan Indonesia, 8(2), 97. http://doi.org/10.15578/jkpi.8.2.2016.97-100
Sulistiyono, S. T., & Rochwulaningsih, Y. (2013). Contest for hegemony: the dynamics of inland and maritime cultures relations in the history of Java Island, Indonesia. Journal of Marine and Island Cultures, 2(2), 115–127, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imic.2013.10.002.
Sutardi, D. (2015). Tak Ada Tempat Bagi Perampokan Ikan. Retrieved from http://kkp.go.id/wpcontent/uploads/2016/07/mina-bahari-edisi-1.pdf
Syafitri, A. S. (2018). Melawan Illegal Fishing, Penenggelaman 488 Kapal, Dan Dampak Positifnya, Kompas. Retrieved from https://ekonomi.kompas.com/read/2018/10/16/032545926/melawan-illegal-fishing-penenggelaman-488-kapal-dan-dampakpositifnya, Accessed date: 15 April 2019
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Retrieved from https://www.dpr.go.id/jdih/uu1945
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 31 Tahun 2004. (2004). Retrieved from https://www.dpr.go.id/dokjdih/document/uu/32.pdf
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 45 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perikanan. (2009). Retrieved from https://kkp.go.id/SKPT/Talaud/artikel/9826-undang-undang-republik-indonesia-nomor-45-tahun-2009-tentang-perubahan-atas-undang-undang-nomor-31-tahun-2004-tentang-perikanan
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 15 Tahun 2019 Tentang Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. (2019). Retrieved from https://jdih.esdm.go.id/storage/document/UU%20Nomor%2015%20Tahun%202019.pdf
Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 11 tahun 2020 Tentang Cipta Kerja. (2020). Retrieved from https://uu-ciptakerja.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Salinan-UU-Nomor-11-Tahun-2020-tentang-Cipta-Kerja.pdf
United Nations. (1989). Convention on the Law of the Sea. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/unclos_e.pdf
United Nations. (1993). Report of the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development at Rio de Janeiro in 1992. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/esa/dsd/agenda21/Agenda%2021.pdf
Williams, M. J. (2013). Will new multilateral arrangements help Southeast Asian states solve illegal fishing? Contemporary Southeast Asia, 35 (2), 258. https://doi.org/10.1355/cs35-2f
Published
2021-06-25
How to Cite
Syah, A. (2021). Management of Marine and Fisheries Resources: Cipta Kerja act and Islamic Perspective. Jurnal Kajian Peradaban Islam, 4(2), 63-70. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47076/jkpis.v4i2.74
Section
Islamic Contributions to Science, Technology, and Art
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